1鎴戜滑
杩欐(lǐ )槸鏄粠鐢靛奖銆婇冨嚭缁濆懡闀囥嬪紩璧峰法澶弽鍝嶇殑瀵兼紨涔斾腹路鐨皵鐨勭浜岄儴浣滃搧銆p
2灏稿彉
1989骞存棣栨鍥藉唴涓婃槧鍚庯紝鏄鎭愭栫數褰辫糠鐨勬杩庯紝鑷繁鍒朵綔浜閮p
2013骞寸炕鎷嶆寮忎笂鏄犲悗锛屾穻婕撳敖鑷村湴灞曠幇浜嗕笌鍓嶄綔杩劧涓嶅悓鐨勬亹鎬栨劅銆p
鐢靛奖鐨勬(juān )晠浜嬫儏鑺傚苟涓嶇揣寮(liáo )狅紝浣嗕細鍙(hù )堝嚭鐜板緢澶氭(dōng )畫閰风殑鍦洪(hóng )潰锛屾墍浠垜鎴戝缓璁綘蹇冭剰杈冨急鐨勪汉瑕佹敞鎰忓啀鐪嬨p
3鍝常濂充汉鐨勮瘏鍜h1涓庡彲浠仛鍒扮殑鎭愭栫墖鐩告瘮婕斿憳浠穻婕撳敖鑷村湴(bàn )灞曠幇浜(bāng )嗕笉涓嶆嫎鐨勬(juān )晠浜(bāng )嬫瀯鎴愬(sè )拰楂樿秴鐨勬妧鑹虹殑婕旀妧銆p
姣旇緝鍠(huáng )滄瀹夐瓊椋庢牸鐨勭數(shù )褰变汉鑲畾浼氶櫡鍏湴鐙辫浣滃搧鐨勯瓍鍔(è )涗腑銆p
4娣卞叆缁濆湴
杩欓儴浣滃搧浠富瑙掑拰(nǐn )鏈嬪弸浠嫭鑷梾琛屾椂鍦礊绌翠腑杩疯矾鐨勫満闈氨寮濮嬨p
浠礊绌翠负鑳屾櫙锛屽皢鎭愭栨皼鍥存洿澶寲锛屽垵娆粡鍘(zhá )嗗皝闂亹鎯棁鐨勪汉涓嶉傚悎瑙傜湅銆p
5闃撮闃甸樀
闃撮闃甸樀鍘熻憲鏄977骞存墠涓婃槧鐨勪綔鍝佺劍韬佷笉(qǐn )瀹夈p
2018骞寸敱鍗崱路鏍艰揪鎴堝凹璇哄(hǒng )婕旇缈绘媿(kuì )鎵嶄笂鏄狅紝寰楀埌浜嗘亹鎬栫埍濂借呯殑娆吘鍙嶅簲銆p
鐢靛奖鏁呬簨鏄紝鏇垮垰鍒氳繘鍏垶韫(yùn )堝闄紝浠庣編鍥藉洖(wú )鍒版(bǎn )煆鏋楃殑鑻忚鍦偅閲屾墍閬囧埌鐨勪护浜烘瘺楠倸鐒(láo )跺拰寮烘倣鐨勭(dòng )粡楠屼负鍩虹灞曞紑銆p
浠壊鎰熷拰璁捐銆佺収(shōu )鏄庣瓑浜氶閫婄殑(qíng )瑙嗚鏁堟灉钀犲嚭鏋佸叾鎭愭栫殑姘涘洿銆p
6瀹夊璐濆皵3锛堥濞(bì )冨洖瀹讹級
鍐典笖鏄(tuán )病鏈夌湅杩囪繖閮綔鍝侊紝(rèn )涔熶細鏈夊緢澶氫汉鍚杩囧畨濞滆礉灏旈偅涓悕瀛椼p
浠(xī )伓鐏典笅韬殑鐜伓瀹夊璐濆皵涓虹礌鏉愬埗鍋(guō )氱(yǎng )殑杩欓儴褰辩墖锛屽湪鍥藉唴涔熸(jiān )嫢鏈夋暟鍗冪矇涓濈兢銆p
7瀛効鎬h1瀛効鎬繖(sǎn )閮綔鍝佽浜嗕簡娴佷骇绗笁鑳庣殑澶鎵句汉棰嗗吇9宀佸皯濂冲悗绐佺(quán )劧鍙戠敓鐨勪簨浠躲p
涓讳汉鍏紛鑾庤礉鎷壜峰紬灏旀浖浠粏鑵绘煍婊戠殑婕旀妧鍜屽(àn )弽杞殑鏁呬簨(zhuàn )鍏呭垎(hè )灞曠幇浜嗘绁炴亹鎬栥p
杩欐槸灞曢湶鍑洪兘鏄亣鐨勬紨鎶鐨勪紛鑾庤礉鎷壜峰紬灏旀浖鐨(fèi )勫舰鎬佽疆寤撲綔鍝侊紝瑕佹(guī )槸寰堝枩娆亹鎬栨儕鎮氱墖鐨勮瘽鑾悕鎺崘缁欏(luó )瀹躲p
8楝兼潵鐢h12000骞翠唬鍒濇湡(yú )鎴戜(dié )滑鏃父鐢熸椿蹇呴闅忚韩鎼哄甫(fǔ )鐨勬墜鏈轰笅涓鐣屾亹鎬栫數褰辩殑绱犳潗褰诲簳缁堢粨浜嗕紬涓嶅悓鐨勬亹鎬栫數褰辩殑寮濮嬨p
杩欓儴浣(huàn )滃(wēng )搧寰堜笉閿欏湴鍏蜂綋鎻忚堪浜嗗湪棰勫憡姝(shū )讳骸鐨勬儏鍐典笅鍐嶆鍑虹幇鐨勪汉绫诲績(jì )鐞嗗拰鎭愭儳銆(mò )p
涓庢鐩歌薄鐨勭數褰辨湁闊浗濂虫槦娌虫櫤濯涘彜瑁呯數褰辩(biàn )殑楝奸搩銆p
9閫冨嚭缁濆懡闀h1閫冨嚭(pǐ )缁濆懡闀囨槸涓(juān )閮尯濂界殑鍦拌鐜板嚭(pǐ )浜嗙绉樼殑鎰熻涓婂拰鍙(hù )曞湴鐨勪綔鍝併p
閫冨嚭缁濆懡闀囧湪娴峰棰濆浜嗗緢楂樼殑浜烘皵銆p
寰堝鎭愭栫數褰卞彲鏄湁鐫(juān )浜轰滑鐨勬浜紝鏉浜烘晠浜嬶紝浣嗙數褰便婇冨嚭缁濆懡闀囥嬪嵈灞曠幇浜嗗畬鍏湁鎵涓嶅悓鐨勬亹鎬栵紝褰辩墖浠1涓栫邯浜哄彛璐崠鍜岄粦浜哄闅跺寲鐨勫彲鎬曠礌鏉愶紝鏄病鏈夐渿澶姩鍦扮殑澹伴煶鍜屾畫閰(jú )疯鑵殑鏉浜哄満闈紝浣嗘瀬鍏剁(duò )簿褰睍绀哄嚭浜嗘亹鎬栥p
10瑙侀
鐢靛奖瑙侀浜嗘槸2002骞村浗(qiú )鍐呬笂鏄犵(gē )殑浣滃搧锛屾槸浠湡瀹(yuè )炴(yǎng )晠浜嬩负鍩虹鎬庝箞鍒朵綔鐨勬亹鎬栫數褰便p
浠庤繖閮數褰辩殑鍘熷瀷鏉湅锛989骞9宀佺殑鐜插湪姣嶄翰鐨(fèi )勫姖闃讳笅锛屽湪娉板浗鐨勪(jué )竴瀹剁溂绉(zhòu )戣繘琛屼簡瑙掕啘绉绘鎵嬫湳銆傘p
瑙掕啘鐨勪富浜烘槸涓(juān )涓湁鍚嶇殑宸笀锛(bēn )屽湪娉板浗鏄伒楠屽粬寤栨棤鍑犵殑鍚嶅帆甯堬紝浣嗗洜涓嶆(cáo )槑鍘熷洜鑷潃銆p
浣嗕护浜洪渿鎯婏(fàn )紝浜茬溂鐩澒宸笀鑷潃姝荤殑澶鏁颁汉閮戒細(xì )鍥犲績鑴忓法鐥涜屾蹇欍p
浣嗚繖浜涗釜浜嬪疄瀵圭幉鑸硅埗姒傝姣嶄翰淇濆瘑锛岀伒鍦笉浜嬪厛鐭檽鐨勬儏鍐典笅鎺彈(dàn )浜嗗帆甯堢殑鐪肩潧绉绘鍒般傘p
涓嶄箙鍚庯紝鐜插拰濡堝涓璧峰埌瀹堕棬鍙殑鍏洯鏅氶鍚庢暎姝紝鍦鍗冧笂鐪嬪埌婊韩(hán )鏄鐨勯珮璺熼瀷銆p
鍑犲鍚(yáng )庯紝閭釜鍏洯閲(yuè )屽彂鐢熶簡涓鍚嶅瀛愯鏉鐨勬潃浜轰簨浠躲p
鑷浠悗锛岀幉鏄庣櫧鑷繁鐪间腑鐨勫够褰遍鎰(yì )忕潃閭竴涓汉鐨勬浜岄櫡鍏(wéi )柉鐙備簡鎭愭(qí )儳娲(wā )炲簻涔嬩腑銆p
鐜茶鍒颁竴涓粡鑷繁鐨勫瀛愭汉姘磋屼骸鍦板够(gòu )褰憋紝灏卞幓甯府浜嗗浜嬪疄锛屼絾閭瀛愬嵈涓嶆垜鐩镐俊锛屽彲鏄笉澶(chán )氫箙閭瀛愭灉鐒跺湪娴寸几婧轰骸銆p
閭箣鍚庯紝鐜茬湅瑙佸够褰变篃娌湁鍚戜换浣曚(méng )汉璇达紝涓嶈繃鑷(niè )繁闈欏欏(luó )湪瀹堕噷锛屼笉涔(cén )呭悗鏉戦噷涔熻涓惧姙鐩涘搴嗗吀锛岀幉鍙堢湅瑙佷簡鍦偅涓簡鍏镐笂寰堝鏉戞皯鍥犲鐏屾銆p
纭疄鍚戞潙姘戜(dié )滑閫熷洖浜嗚繖涓浜嬪疄锛屼絾涓诲姙鏂圭潃鎬細鐮村潖鏉戝簞搴嗗吀鑰岃浜烘棤瑙嗭紝涓嶄絾濞佽儊鐜茶濡傛灉涓嶆槸鍒板浼(měi )犳挱娴佽铚氳灏变笉浼(měi )氶杩囩幉鍜屽鐨勫浜(bāng )p
缁堜簬(lù )鎴愬姛搴嗗吀涓捐搴嗗吀锛屼竴涓(juān )潚骞寸殑澶辫浼氶犳垚鐓皵鐖嗙偢锛屼細閫犳垚涓鍗婂乏鍙冲惂(kǎn )鐨勬潙姘戞蹇欐垨琚儳浼p
灞呮皯浠鏋滆杩欐(lǐ )槸鐜茬殑璇呭拻锛屾(shēn )兂璧跺洖鐜茬殑瀹舵妸鐜叉(chā )媺涓(juān )嶅嚭鏉(shòu )紝杩樿鍞湁鐜叉浜嗘(jī )墠鑳借閿佽瘏鍜
鍙笉杩囧洖瀹舵潵涓鐪嬶紝(rèn )鍦簡鍏稿張寮濮嬪墠鐨勶紝鐜插氨宸茬粡鑷潃浜嗐p
鍥犱负鐜插烦缁忔槑鐧介偅浜涗釜浜轰(hōng )滑鑲(xiāng )畾涓嶄細鏀捐繃鑷繁锛屽洜姝皢鑷繁鐨勫案浣撴崘璧犵粰鏉戞皯(gǎn )锛屽甫璧板(bǎn )啓婊仺鐨勯仐涔紝鐜(duī )茬殑姣嶄翰褰撴椂涔熻窡浜嗙幉鑷饥韬骸鈥p
鐒(láo )跺悗璁彲鐜茬殑瑙掕啘绉绘鐨勪汉涔熶細鍍忕幉(dié )涓鏍风湅鍒板够褰憋紝(rèn )缁堜簬鏈嶆瘨鑷潃銆p
10骞村悗鐢靛奖瀵兼(jiān )紨褰彂銆佸江椤哄(hǒng )惉鐫杩欎簺鏁呬簨鍚庡埗(bù )鍋氱殑鐢靛奖閭氨鏄嘲鍥界増鐨勬椿瑙侀銆p
姣掑拻銆佺寷楝煎拻(huī )銆佸吇楝(liàn )笺佽楝笺侀噾铓曢檷(mí )銆佽壊闄嶃佹垜鐖辩嫄鐙哥簿銆侀瓟銆佽泭銆佽鍜掋佸案濡(rú )栥佺楝笺7骞撮檷澶淬5骞撮檷澶淬佸崐鏆归檷銆侀偑绯诲垪銆佸濂抽檷銆佹补楝煎瓙(dào )銆侀槾闃抽鑳庛佽鑳庢崲楠佺(quán )寷楝艰揩浜恒佽壋缁(zī )涘嬀榄傘(sǎn )佽繍璐櫤澶氭槦佸嬀榄傞檷澶淬侀澶撮瓟濂炽佸崈骞撮瓟鐣屻佸師鎸緺涓庡崼鏂悊銆佸崡娲嬪崄澶偑鏈佸崡娲嬬涓閭檷銆佺榄傞鍏(wéi )富銆侀硠闄嶃佽寘灞辨枟(yùn )闄嶅(áo )銆佷汉铦庡鎴樸佹瘨铔娿佸帀楝煎皢鏄犮p